Rice is one of the most widely consumed staple foods around the world, particularly in Asia, where it forms the foundation of daily meals. It is a cereal grain harvested from the plant species Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima. Rice grows in warm, humid environments, typically in flooded fields called paddies, although it can also be grown in drier areas in some regions.

There are two main types of rice: white rice and brown rice. White rice is the most commonly consumed and is processed to remove the husk, bran, and germ, leaving behind a white, polished kernel. This makes it quicker to cook but also less nutritious compared to brown rice, which retains its bran and germ. Brown rice is considered healthier due to its higher fiber content, vitamins, and minerals. Other varieties include basmati rice, known for its fragrant aroma, and jasmine rice, which is soft and slightly sticky when cooked.